Midwest

North Dakota

North Dakota remains one of the top coal- and oil-producing states in the country, and net emissions have increased 33% from 1990-2022. While just under half of in-state electricity generation comes from coal, roughly the same amount is sourced from renewables, with wind power more than doubling from 2015-2023. With a low population, geographically-spaced communities, and an energy-intensive industrial sector, North Dakota ranks third in the country for both per capita energy consumption and expenditures.

GHG Reduction Targets

All targets relative to 2030 levels

2030

Carbon neutral

Governor

Kelly Armstrong (Republican)

House Party

Republican Supermajority

Senate Party

Republican Supermajority

Legislative session

1/7/25 - 5/2/25

Key Offices & Links

2

Policies Enacted or In Progress

across 2 policy areas

See all

65

Policy Opportunities

across 7 policy areas

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Midwest

12 states

This map shows the occurrence of climate policies passed at the state-level. Higher numbers represent more climate policies enacted.

Compare with other states

Progress by Policy Area

Enacted Enacted policies have been passed or established in a state by a governing body via legislation, executive orders, rules, regulations, and/or other program creation, and remain in effect.
In-progress In progress policies have been established in a state, but final regulations, rules, or plans are pending final approval. This also includes legislation and executive orders that require regulations to be put into effect.
Partially Enacted Partially enacted policies have been enacted in the state, but are missing one or more policy components. Dashboard policies cannot be considered partially enacted unless policy components are available.
Not Enacted Not enacted policies have not been passed or established in the state or are no longer in effect.

Glossary of Terms

The colored bars indicate the status for each policy on the Dashboard, viewed across seven policy areas.

Status	Policy	Policy Area	Policy Category
Not Enacted	Residential Energy Codes Empty column Residential energy codes are statewide building codes that dictate the energy performance requirements of newly constructed residential buildings.	Buildings and Efficiency	Building Codes
Not Enacted	Commercial Energy Codes Empty column Commercial energy codes are statewide building codes that dictate the energy performance requirements of newly constructed commercial buildings.	Buildings and Efficiency	Building Codes
Not Enacted	Stretch Building Energy Codes Empty column Stretch building energy codes are an optional, more stringent building code established by the state that local jurisdictions can adopt to require that newly constructed buildings are more efficient than the baseline state codes.	Buildings and Efficiency	Building Codes
Not Enacted	Appliance Standards Empty column Appliance standards set minimum energy and water conservation requirements for appliances and equipment.	Buildings and Efficiency	Building Standards
Not Enacted	Building Performance Standards Empty column Building performance standards establish energy and/or greenhouse gas performance targets for existing buildings in a state. These targets increase in stringency over time, leading to efficiency improvements in buildings to conserve energy and reduce emissions.	Buildings and Efficiency	Building Standards
Not Enacted	Clean Heat Standards Empty column Clean heat standards establish a performance standard requiring heat providers to deliver a gradually-increasing percentage of low-emission heating services to customers.	Buildings and Efficiency	Building Standards
Not Enacted	Energy Efficiency Resource Standards (EERS) Empty column Energy efficiency resource standards (EERS) establish targets and deadlines for utilities to reduce electricity demand through efficiency or "demand side" programs.	Buildings and Efficiency	Building Efficiency
Not Enacted	Property Assessed Clean Energy (PACE) Empty column Property assessed clean energy (PACE) allows residential and/or commercial property owners to finance efficiency upgrades with loans tied to the property.	Buildings and Efficiency	Building Efficiency
Partially Enacted	Weatherization Funding Empty column The State Policy Opportunity Tracker (SPOT) breaks clean energy policies down into “components”, which are binary questions to evaluate policy quality. Higher quality policies have more of their SPOT components fulfilled. Establishing Policies SPOT - Weatherization Funding in North Dakota Policy Components enacted not-enacted not-enacted not-enacted 1/4	Buildings and Efficiency	Building Efficiency
Not Enacted	All-Electric Buildings Empty column All-electric buildings policies require new buildings to be constructed with all-electric heating, cooling, and cooking systems to transition away from fossil-fuel use in buildings.	Buildings and Efficiency	Building Electrification
Not Enacted	Thermal Energy Networks Empty column Thermal energy networks are neighborhood-scale energy projects that allow multiple buildings to be connected through a shared network of underground pipes to distribute heating and cooling, often using renewable energy sources like geothermal or waste heat. State policymakers can create an enabling regulatory structure, and may also commission pilots, allow cost recovery, or create mandates to help transition from natural gas.	Buildings and Efficiency	Building Electrification

North Dakota

Key Offices & Links

2

65

Midwest

Progress by Policy Area

Climate Governance and Equity

Cross-Sector

Electricity

Buildings and Efficiency

Transportation

Industry, Materials, and Waste Management

Natural and Working Lands

Greenhouse Gas Emissions Projections in North Dakota

Climate Policies in North Dakota